Introduction
Olympic Weightlifting is often a sport by which athletes compete to the total weight of two lifts: the snatch and also the clean & jerk. The training methods used in Weightlifting will also be used by Strength & Conditioning coaches as a way of lifting weights for the wide range of other sports. Most significant reasons for exploiting various lifting weights modalities such is made for power development. There are numerous variations on the party theme of power training. Many of these training modalities include plyometrics (Wilson, Elliot & Wood 1990), assisted and resisted training (Faccioni 1993a; 1993b) and speed and acceleration drills (Cinkovich 1992). A trendy method utilized to increase athletic power is Olympic Weightlifting (ie power cleans, push presses, snatches, jump jerks as well as their variations) conducted in the exercise (Garhammer, 1993). This has traditionally been seen as effective way of producing general explosive ability (Takano 1992; Stone 1993; Garhammer & Gregor 1992). However, there are other important considerations which require to become addressed when implementing Olympic lifting exercises in the Strength & Conditioning program associated with an athlete, a few of these include movement competency, training age, sport and training time with athlete. The intention of this short article by Elite Performance Institute (EPI) would be to provide a biomechanical and physiological discussion as to the reasons weightlifting exercises are necessary to improve athletic performance and exactly how they must be performed within a exercise program. For more details, go to www.epicertification.com
Power Defined
Power has been thought as the optimal blend of speed and strength to generate movement (Chu 1996). Particularly, power represents light beer the athlete to generate high amounts of work through certain distance. Greater power an athlete possesses the larger the degree of work performed (Wilson 1992). Power is often a blend of strength and speed:
POWER = FORCE (strength) X VELOCITY (speed to move)
There are numerous physiological and neural adaptations which comprise the force component (Moritani 1992). Physiological adaptations to strength incorporate more muscle mass through hypertrophy, ligament density and bone integrity (Tesch 1992a). Neural adaptations (Schmidtbleicher 1992) that may be produced are: (1) increased recruitment of motor units; (2) increased firing rate of motor neurones; (3) synchronised firing of motor neurones; (4) increase in intra-muscular coordination; and (5) increase in inter-muscular coordination.
Speed to move is composed of various interrelated factors (Ackland & Bloomfield 1995). These are generally; (1) muscle fibre type; (2) skill; (3) muscle insertion points; (4) lever length; (5) muscular posture; and (6) elastic energy technique series elastic component.
Olympic Weightling exercises facilitate continuing development of the center (Strength-Speed and Speed-Strength) with the force-velocity (FV) curve (see above). The FV curve acts a map to Strength & Conditioning Courses Ireland according to the type of strength developed from each exercise, session or phase to train in the program. Therefore, the Strength & Conditioning coach can effectively plan what type of power they would like to develop and which training modality (powerlifting, Olympic liftining, plyometrics, etc) is better utilised to elicit these adaptations.
Conclusion
Concern still exists regarding the ef?cacy of including Olympic weightlifting exercises in the lifting weights programs of athletes in sports apart from weightlifting. These concerns generally fall under 3 broad categories: 1) Perceived time forced to learn the movements due to the complexity with the lifts. 2) Too little knowledge of the potential bene?ts that may be produced from performing Olympic lifting exercises correctly. 3) Concern over the potential for injury as a result of doing these weightlifting movements.
It can be evident there are a large number of biomechanical advantages of doing these lifts with limited disadvantages. The biggest risk has been with the perceived danger of doing these lifts. Judging by the evidence presented by Brian Hammill with the British Weightlifting Association (BWLA), it is usually stated with con?dence that the risk of harm is as low or less than most sports provided that there is certainly quali?ed supervision supplied by certi?ed Strength and Conditioning coach who’ve been competed in coaching the weightlifting movements.
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